Languages

Birchpad highlights and folds 50 languages with tree-sitter grammars. Parsing runs in the background and follows each edit, so large files do not slow typing down.

How the language is chosen

In this order: the choice in the Language menu, the file name (Makefile, .bashrc), the extension, a #! first line (#!/usr/bin/env python3) and the first line itself (<?xml). The command line can set it too: birchpad -lpython file.txt. Files larger than files.large-file-limit-mb (20 MB by default) open without highlighting, as in Notepad++.

Embedded languages

A document may hold several languages, each highlighted by its own grammar: scripts and styles in HTML and Svelte, code blocks, inline formatting and front matter in Markdown, HTML around PHP, tagged templates, regular expressions and JSDoc in JavaScript and TypeScript.

Your own languages

For a language that is not listed, add a Notepad++ User Defined Language — see User languages and auto-completion.

All languages

The id is the name for the -l command-line option and for [language.<id>] tables in themes.

Language	Id	Extensions
Assembly	`asm`	`.asm` `.s` `.nasm`
Bash	`bash`	`.sh` `.bash` `.zsh` `.ksh` `.command`
Batch	`batch`	`.bat` `.cmd` `.nt`
C	`c`	`.c` `.lex`
C#	`cs`	`.cs` `.csx`
C++	`cpp`	`.cpp` `.cxx` `.cc` `.c++` `.h` `.hh` `.hpp` `.hxx` `.h++` `.ino` `.ipp` `.tpp` `.inl`
CMake	`cmake`	`.cmake`
CSS	`css`	`.css`
Dart	`dart`	`.dart`
Diff	`diff`	`.diff` `.patch`
Dockerfile	`dockerfile`	`.dockerfile` `.containerfile`
Elixir	`elixir`	`.ex` `.exs`
Erlang	`erlang`	`.erl` `.hrl` `.escript`
Go	`go`	`.go`
GraphQL	`graphql`	`.graphql` `.graphqls` `.gql`
Groovy	`groovy`	`.groovy` `.gradle` `.gvy` `.gy` `.gsh`
Haskell	`haskell`	`.hs` `.hsc`
HCL	`hcl`	`.hcl` `.tf` `.tfvars` `.nomad`
HTML	`html`	`.html` `.htm` `.shtml` `.shtm` `.xhtml` `.xht` `.hta`
INI	`ini`	`.ini` `.inf` `.url` `.wer` `.cfg` `.desktop`
Java	`java`	`.java`
JavaScript	`javascript`	`.js` `.mjs` `.cjs` `.jsx` `.jsm`
JSON	`json`	`.json` `.jsonc` `.json5` `.geojson` `.webmanifest` `.babelrc` `.eslintrc`
Kotlin	`kotlin`	`.kt` `.kts`
Lua	`lua`	`.lua`
Makefile	`makefile`	`.mak` `.mk`
Markdown	`markdown`	`.md` `.markdown` `.mdown` `.mkd` `.mkdn`
nginx	`nginx`	`.nginx`
Nix	`nix`	`.nix`
Objective-C	`objc`	`.m` `.mm`
Pascal	`pascal`	`.pas` `.pp` `.dpr` `.dpk` `.lpr`
PHP	`php`	`.php` `.php3` `.php4` `.php5` `.phps` `.phpt` `.phtml`
PowerShell	`powershell`	`.ps1` `.psm1` `.psd1`
Properties	`properties`	`.properties`
Protocol Buffers	`proto`	`.proto`
Python	`python`	`.py` `.pyw` `.pyi` `.pyx` `.pxd` `.gyp` `.bzl` `.wsgi`
R	`r`	`.r`
Ruby	`ruby`	`.rb` `.rbw` `.rake` `.gemspec` `.ru` `.erb`
Rust	`rust`	`.rs`
Scala	`scala`	`.scala` `.sc` `.sbt`
Solidity	`solidity`	`.sol`
SQL	`sql`	`.sql` `.ddl` `.dml`
Svelte	`svelte`	`.svelte`
Swift	`swift`	`.swift`
TOML	`toml`	`.toml`
TypeScript	`typescript`	`.ts` `.mts` `.cts`
TypeScript JSX	`tsx`	`.tsx`
XML	`xml`	`.xml` `.xaml` `.xsl` `.xslt` `.xsd` `.xul` `.kml` `.svg` `.mxml` `.xsml` `.wsdl` `.xlf` `.xliff` `.xbl` `.sxbl` `.sitemap` `.gml` `.gpx` `.plist` `.vcproj` `.vcxproj` `.csproj` `.vbproj` `.fsproj` `.props` `.targets` `.nuspec` `.resx` `.manifest` `.config` `.rss` `.atom`
YAML	`yaml`	`.yml` `.yaml`
Zig	`zig`	`.zig` `.zon`